english history

The Statute of Rhuddlan

On 3 March 1284 King Edward I, Longshanks, enacted the Statute of Rhuddlan, also known as the Statute of Wales. The statute is named for Rhuddlan Castle, one of the new fortifications Edward built to quell any potential Welsh resistance. This statute turned the formerly independent kingdoms of Wales into the English Principality of North… Read more The Statute of Rhuddlan

The Death of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Fawr

Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Fawr was the firstborn son of the Prince of Gwynedd, Llywelyn Fawr (Llywelyn the Great) and a mistress, Tangwystl Goch ferch Llywarch from Rhos. Under Welsh law, Gruffydd was just as eligible to inherit his father’s lands and title as any ‘legitimate’ son, but Llywelyn Fawr’s need for an alliance with King… Read more The Death of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Fawr

Saint Valentine’s Day

Valentine’s Day has been celebrated a lot longer than many people realize, but it wasn’t until the ideas of courtly love started to spread in the Middle Ages that the holiday become more about flirtations than fertility. Part of the romance of Valentine’s Day was the belief that the 14th of February was day when… Read more Saint Valentine’s Day

Tudors and the Death of Their Rival Cousins

The medieval and premodern monarchs who held onto their thrones were the ones who were appallingly ruthless. Kindness was not rewarded, and the nice guys almost always lost their crown. Even when their reigns were otherwise good for the country, or renown contextually for tolerance and progressive thinking, dark deeds still needed doing and there… Read more Tudors and the Death of Their Rival Cousins

Horatia Nelson

On 29 January 1801 a baby girl was born, ostensibly the posthumous and orphaned offspring of a seaman by the surname of Thompson, in reality she was the daughter of Lady Hamilton and her lover, war hero Admiral Horatio Nelson. Admiral Nelson and Lady Hamilton were, in public, the babies Godparents who adopted her after… Read more Horatia Nelson